Analisis Karakteristik Dan Dampak Lingkungan Penambangan Rakyat Di Kawasan Kali Kabur, Timika, Papua Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55334/jtam.v7i1.347Keywords:
Dampak Lingkungan, Tambang Rakyat, Sedimen fluvial, sluice box, MimikaAbstract
Penambangan rakyat (artisanal and small-scale mining/ASM) di kawasan Kali Kabur, Timika, Papua Tengah berkembang pesat didorong oleh kandungan mineral logam pada sedimen fluvial daerah tersebut. Kegiatan ini umumnya menggunakan metode sluice box sederhana yang dioperasikan langsung di bantaran sungai. Studi ini dilaksanakan pada Februari 2026 dan bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik kegiatan penambangan rakyat serta dampaknya terhadap kualitas air dan kondisi sedimen Kali Kabur melalui pendekatan observasi lapangan sistematis. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kondisi fisik air sungai, morfologi dasar sungai, karakteristik sedimen, kondisi vegetasi riparian, dan luasan gangguan di area penambangan aktif, dibandingkan dengan zona tidak terganggu di hulu. Hasil observasi menunjukkan aktivitas penambangan menyebabkan peningkatan kekeruhan air yang signifikan, kerusakan morfologi dasar sungai berupa lubang galian dan terganggunya gravel bars alami, serta akumulasi material tailings di area kerja. Vegetasi riparian pada zona aktif mengalami degradasi nyata, sementara partikel sedimen halus berpotensi tersebar ke arah hilir. Diperlukan pengelolaan terstruktur dan pemantauan lingkungan berkelanjutan untuk meminimalkan dampak, dengan tetap memperhatikan aspek sosial-ekonomi komunitas penambang.
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